Vietnam: A Three-Day Tour

Among many beautiful places in the East, Vietnam is one of the must-see countries. Setting foot in this country provides an unforgettable experience.The historic temples, serene beaches, and peaceful countryside are what tourists find most enigmatic. Even the overly populated markets in the country provide travelers with an unforgettable and exciting experience. The sceneries and warmth of the people provide visitors a taste of the local culture and a perception of Asians in general.Vietnam is located in the Southeast Asia, bordering the Gulfs of Thailand and Tonkin, and South China Sea. It is alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia, and very near Thailand so tourists can easily find trips to neighboring countries after enjoying their tour of Vietnam. At present, Vietnam’s population has grown to almost 85 million in 2008 (Population Council).Most people associate Vietnam with wars possibly due to films that feature the Vietnam War. However, Vietnam is more than what we see in fil ms. Contrary to the what others believe regarding the Viet Kong, Vietnamese are peace-loving and warm-hearted people. They are called Vietnamese, which is similar to the official language.There are around 50 tribes which include the Kinh (also known as Viet) who make up the majority of the population, the Tay, Thai, Muong, Khome, Hoa, Nun, Hmong, and others. Aside from the Vietnamese language, English is becoming a popular language especially among the younger people. Some can speak French, Chinese, and Kmer while dialects among the natives in the mountain areas include Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian.When planning to visit Vietnam, most visitors need to apply for a tourist visa in advance. Vietnamese visa is inexpensive at the rate of USD 40-80 when applying directly to the Embassy. Another way to apply for visa is upon arrival in Hanoi, but this requires a pre-arranged application with the Hanoi Immigration Department. To do away from the hassles, it is recommended to obtain visa a week or two before the trip.Throughout the country the average temperature is between 21 and 23 degrees Celsius. During summer, the average temperature is 28 degrees Celsius. Rainy season starts from May and it ends in October. At its peak, some lowlands are affected by flood, so it is best to visit either in summer or autumn.If one wants to witness the rich culture of the Vietnamese, the best time is during the traditional Vietnamese Tet (Lunar New Year). Tet is a week long festival and is the most important festival of the year usually every last week or January or early February.As expected, prices during this time are raised radically, and most of the locals are on holiday so business is typically paralyzed, with some hotels, transportation companies and restaurants closed down. Therefore, those who prefer to travel around this period should have a well-organized trip with a tourist company. Otherwise, it will be difficult to go around without a good companion.When making a sh ort visit to Vietnam, visitors have at least three choices. For those who love the city, the best place to go is Ho Chi Minh (formerly known as Saigon). There, one will experience Asian nightlife at its best. Those who are after relaxation and peace must see Hanoi and Halong Bay; while those who are after adventure and exploring nature should try Sapa and Mekong Delta River.

Mgt/420 Week 1 Role of Stakeholder

Role of a Stakeholder Paper Janice Horton MGT/420 November 26, 2012 Thomas Ach Role of Stakeholders The stakeholder representation of excellence as obtainable challenge to include the growing requirement for organization to act in response to the requirements and prospect of more and more assorted cluster at the same time as unmoving distributes shareholder value. Countless of the ideology and the practice of superiority organization have been eager with the requirements and potential of meticulous groups that have been approved for an extended time as part of the conventional decision-making replica (Freeman, 1984).These include collections such as clientele, staff, and dealers. The stakeholder model offers a hypothetical good reason and theoretical structure within which the excellence characteristic of associations with other, more varied, collection can be openly measured and lectured to in a holistic method. The stakeholder replica of quality can be consequently seen as basicall y different from replica that have come earlier than. Without a doubt, it is so different, it can be seen to symbolize an up-and-coming third age bracket of eminence that increasingly will substitute those that came former.Its focal point is motionless on excellence but the way in which superiority is lecture to be different. Three main stakeholders in Engro corporate hierarchy in Pakistan are the people who suggest and propose areas of improvement for enhancing the efficacy of quality management processes. The Board of directors plays an integral role to evaluate quality management processes throughout the life cycle of various projects while preserving and enhancing the image of the company.This resultantly improves quality in the management processes. Company employees are the stakeholders who gave candid feedback on the vision, progress, and evaluate the policies and highlight the areas of improvement. That is why a company like Engro has a policy that allows people to â€Å"Sp eak their Hearts out. † which allows their opinions and concerns to be heard. This tool also gives company’s many of ideas to improve upon their management style and processes.Various customers’ feedback surveys and surveys regarding knowing the voice of customers play an important role to give suggestions and opinionated ideas to add value to their systems and management processes. This brings definite value and quality in it. Another company like Agritech (Pak American Fertilizers Limited) in Pakistan arranges sessions with its major stakeholders during different times of the year. Customers, farmers, and dealers speak and help company improve upon their quality and processes.Sessions with Banks, suppliers, board of directors and employees are another toll to get 360 degree feedback on systems, quality, and processes to get ideas to build further upon them to improve management and quality in all aspects of their operations and systems of management. References Svendsen, A. (1998), The Stakeholder Strategy: Profiting from Collaborative Business Relationships, Berrett Koehler San Francisco http://www. cmqr. rmit. edu. au Wheeler, D. and M. Sillanpaa (1997). The Stakeholder Corporation. London, Pitman http://engro. com/our-businesses/engro-fertilizers-limited/

Applying Tactics, Actions and Control planning system on Chicken Essay

Applying Tactics, Actions and Control planning system on Chicken Cottage restaurent - Essay Example They wanted to create a logo which can be memorable for all and also create brand recognition for the company in the mind of the customers. The company was been founded by Mohammad Khalid. It has 115 outlets in UK and outlets in the other countries like Dubai, France, South Africa, Libya, Algeria, Pakistan, Iraq, Iran and Sweden. It is also planning to expand its business in other parts of world in certain other countries like Canada, china, Australia and India. In this report the Tactics, Action and Control strategies of the company will be seen which has helped the company to grow in such a huge manner and achieve such good amount of success in such a loess time and the way they are helping the company to achieve its goal. The main goal that the company has set up is to become the leading local fast food restaurant in UK. Chicken Cottage restaurant since the time of starting in 1994 has kept on growing at a constant rate. The company has made serious attempts to expand the business operations and take it to a higher level. The company has been able to open 115 outlets in the whole country and get a good visibility among the customers (Chicken Cottage, 2014). It has also been able to create a good brand image in the mind of the customers. But because of the presence of huge number of competitors present in the fast food restaurant industry in the UK market it has been a tough journey for the company and it has not been able to get the position of the market leader capturing maximum market. To help the company in increasing their market share SOSTAC model is been used to analyze. Among all the 6 factors which are situation, control, action, tactics, strategy and objectives the main three factors that are been used in this case are the Tactics, Action and Control. In this section the objectives and the goals of the company is been seen and based

Philosophy Theroy- Conclusion and Premises Essay

Philosophy Theroy- Conclusion and Premises - Essay Example l of prevalent societal attitudes at the time of the film’s making, but could as easily be transferred to more modern times, forcing the viewer to focus on the psychological action occurring rather than the latest high-dollar computer graphic imagery or fast-moving car chase scene. The film opens as the judge in a courtroom informs the jury of its duties before releasing them into the jury room. As the judge speaks, the camera pans across the different faces of the men who comprise the jury as well as the big-eared wide-eyed boy defendant. As the judge gives his directions, he makes it clear that this is a capital murder case and, should the jury return with a guilty verdict, the sentence will be death. With this harsh task on their minds, the jury files quietly into the jury room, none of them looking at the defendant as they do so but with the defendant watching each one of them in turn. As the case is presented, it is made clear that the boy, just turned 18, is on trial for his life accused of having killed his own father in an angry knife attack and then callously removing himself from the home to go watch a film. It is up to the jury to decide, by a vote of guilty or innocent, whether this boy lives or dies. Either they let him go free or they condemn him to death. As the jury files into the room, it is obvious some of them are deeply affected by the weight of their decision while others are clearly convinced their conclusions are obvious. As none of the jurymen are identified by name for most of the movie, only two of them exchanging names at the very end of the film, the only way to refer to them is by their jury number, which is made easier as they sit at the table in this order. Casual chatter before they all convene officially indicates that most of the jury members feel the case is fairly solid, the boy is undeniably guilty of the crime. As the film moves forward, the reasons for this assurance are revealed. First, the boy was known to have

The dietary requirements necessary to maintain a healthy Essay

The dietary requirements necessary to maintain a healthy - Essay Example Digestion breaks down proteins into amino acids. Amino acids are of three categories – essential, nonessential and conditional amino acids. Essential amino acids are nine – â€Å"Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lycine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan and Valine† – and can only be obtained from food intake. Nonessential amino acids are four – â€Å"Alanine, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid and Glutamic Acid† – and are made by the body by breaking down essential amino acids. Conditional amino acids are eight in number – â€Å"Arginine, Cysteine, Glutamine, Glycine, Ornithine, Proline, Serine and Tyrosine† – and are not viewed as essential. They are only needed in times of illness. There are many sources of proteins: all types of meat, all types of beans, nuts and seeds, soy proteins products, dairy products and eggs. Intake of proteins should be regulated. This is because a high level of proteins may overwork the kidney. Meat and eggs intake should also be watched as these products contain high levels of cholesterol. Accumulation of cholesterol in the body is a risk factor for heart disease. In severe deficiency of proteins, Kwashiorkor is likely to develop. The recommended daily intake of proteins is â€Å"2 to 3 ounces of cooked lean meat, poultry, or fish;  ½ cup of cooked dried beans; 1 egg, 2 tablespoons of peanut butter, or 1 ounce of cheese†. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are very important as they provide the fuel to the body after being broken down to glucose which is oxidized to release energy. Carbohydrates are of two main types – complex and simple carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates include starch and dietary fiber. Complex carbohydrates must be broken down to glucose for the body to utilize. Starch is contained in foods such as breads, cereals and vegetables. Dietary fiber is of two categories: soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble dietary fibers include oatmeal, nuts and seeds among others while insoluble dietary fibers include brown rice, barley, fruits among others. Simple carbohydrates are those that naturally have sugars, for instance, fruits, milk products among others (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). Dietary fibers are recommended over refined meals. Removing the external cover of grains converts them into refined foods. The diagram below show the recommended amount of grams required daily (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). Nutrient (Units) Child 1-3 Female 4-8 Male 4-8 Female 9-13 Male 9-13 Female 14-18 Male 14-18 Female 19-30 Male 19-30 Female 31-50 Male 31-50 Female 51+ Male 51+ Total Fiber (grams) 14 17 20 22 25 25 31 28 34 25 31 22 28 Excessive intake of carbohydrates especially the simple carbohydrates are associated with obesity because excess glucose is stored. Deficiency in carbohydrates in the body forces the body to burn fats and proteins to use as a source of energy (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). This deficiency therefore leads to malnourished people. However, in severe cases of carbohydrate deficiency, marasmus is likely to develop. Marasmus develops when there is severe malnutrition. Lipids Lipids are needed in the body to transport the fat soluble vitamins, supply energy and provide fatty acids. Lipids exist in various forms; if a lipid is a liquid at room temperature then it is called oil, if it is solid at room temperature t hen it referred to as fat. Lipids are hydrolyzed to release glycerol, fatty acids, diglycerides and monoglycerides. Fatty acids are particularly important in the

Social Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Inequality - Essay Example Of the three Weber's stratification theory appears to be the most accurate prediction while Marx's class theory could not prove itself in modern society. Durkheim's functionalist theory also had predicted somewhat similar characteristics and problems that exist in our society today. . Marx visualized that the historical change would be identical to the changes in relation to class conflicts. He overemphasized the fact that there will be no progress if there are no class conflicts. Due to the industrial revolution, all social order, i.e., master craftsmen, journeymen, and apprentices were abolished. Marx argues that class struggle between oppressing and oppressed classes is essential for a modern social change. Apparently he could not devote much time to analyze and describe the life of the middle class (the class between bourgeoisie and proletariat) and said that 'they are small part of the ruling class but later join proletariat, the revolutionary class.' That appears to be contrary to the existing social dimensions, where the middle class has become one of the dominant one. Over the years many of Marx's predictions were proved wrong, for example: class polarization, instead of conflicts between two main classes like what Marx argued, today our society doesn't appear to be a complex one with the emergence of middle class population in the absence of class conflicts. Another failed prediction of Marx's prediction was concentration of capital. Capital is not confined to capitalists only, but with growing numbers of ambitious smaller to medium sized entrepreneurs, the property ownership has spread to different segments of the society. Anyone having some starting money can invest it in their own business. Weber's stratification theory, on the other hand, presents multidimensional causes of social inequality in relation to several conflicting groups. He argues that there are various stratified social group in society based on class, status and party. And these different groups create a kind of social inequality. Class is determined by economic order whereas status is determined by styles of life. The party consisted of people have political power. Like Marx, Weber also recognizes the significance of class struggle that is related to market exchange. Therefore, class does not comprise of just one group but virtually consisted of various kinds of economic class. According to Weber, the economic classes tend to be confined to four different social classes in capitalist society. There are propertied classes, property-less non manual class, petty bourgeoisie and manual working class. As compared to Marx's class theory there are two middle classes in Weber's kind of society. The property-less non manual class and the petty bourgeoisie form the middle class in Weber's theory. Petty bourgeoisie are people who own their own production such as small manufacture, business, or farm. The non manual working class i.e, the so called white-collar worker, are people who had education and trained to become professional worker receiving wages in return of their work. The status groups consisted of people who have social honor or authority. They have a tendency to distinguish themselves from outside of their status groups. Lastly party is designed to achieve communal action. Weber's stratification theory represents today's social inequality by introducing various stratified

Human Resource Management in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Resource Management in UK - Essay Example The name of the organization is to redesign the dressing sense of individuals and generate a positive feeling and developing fashion sense amongst them. The name is selected keeping in consideration the segment of the industry in which, the company is operating. In the year 2011, the worth of the UK clothing market is around  £33.8 billion (UK market leaders 2013). In this amount, 57% is contributed by women clothing, footwear, and accessories. The company is the leading market share holder in UK women wear categories which also further includes women’s dresses. It is the largest retailer in the teens wear segment of UK on the basis of total revenue and holds about 16.1% of the market. The organization has a tall organizational structure, which helps in maintaining a hierarchical arrangement of authority, communications, rights, and duties (Madura 2007). The organization Redesign follows a tall structure, which is diagrammatically represented as under: Organisational culture is the collection behavior shown by a human who is the main assets and their actions add meaning to the organization. They are unique cultural beliefs that are shared among the employees of an organization. The organizational culture of the company is in compliance with pragmatic organization culture (Alvesson 2012). The major emphasis of the company is on the customers and external parties of the business. The main focus of the employees is on customer satisfaction. Customers are treated as Gods and all the rules are followed as expected by them. Every employee of the organization strives hard for meeting the expectations for their client for the fulfillment of maximum business. The main focus of the company is on producing excellent results with the use of straightforward methods. The focus is on encouraging teamwork, investing in processes and constantly creating work challenges (Koekemoer and Bird 2004).

Federal Emergency Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Federal Emergency Management - Case Study Example It is considered a must-have in every fire department and a must read for all fire chiefs so as to help prevent future firefighter fatalities. The Charleston tragedy was both predictable and preventable but due to a sequence of ill-preparedness and ill-advised strategic ideas lives were lost. One of the most important lessons in preparedness that is outlined in the report and forms the focus of this study is the training of firefighting officers at all levels and rank. They should be trained in incident management systems, how to assess the risks involved, formulate and implement strategies and tactics and in the effective use and care of life-saving equipment. The report found that in addition to the risks posed by the building itself such as highly combustible materials in a large area next to a smoking zone and with no warning signs, the large area covered by the loading dock area, no firewalls or sprinklers, among other shortcomings relating to the training of the officers at the Charleston Fire Department also contributed to the unfortunate events of that evening. The officers at the Charleston Fire Department were poorly trained in incident management systems. The firefighting protocol is that the highest ranking officer that arrives at the scene first assumes the position of Incident Commander and initiates operations. The identity of the commander can change during the operation but there can only be one at a time. The Fire Chief and the Assistant Fire Chief did not formally assume command or establish a fixed command post immediately they arrived. They proceeded to join the other firemen already on the scene without an incident management system that would have provided command, control, and coordination of the emergency. Since there was no one that was officially in command, there were two teams that were not to be working in tandem at different areas of the warehouse.

DQ Week 8 (Managing Professionals) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ Week 8 (Managing Professionals) - Essay Example This is part of man’s humanity. On the other hand, if the situation only aims to unite people towards a common goal or inspire them, then transformational leadership is most important because it would take time to see the fruits of this kind of leadership. Yes, I have. As there is no formula for authentic leadership (George, B., Sims, P., et. al., 2007), I think I have managed to observe several authentic leaders. An example of authentic leadership that is close to home would be my teachers at school. One of the traits common in leaders interviewed in a survey (George, B., Sims, P., et. al., 2007) is that they tap into and hone their strengths and skills in order to influence to others to become better people and this is what my teachers do for me. They guide me with their knowledge and help mold me into the person I am. Aarons, G. (2006). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: Association Toward Evidence-Based Practice. Psychiatr Serv., 57(8). Retrieved from

Hockey Cross Country Comparison Essay Example for Free

Hockey Cross Country Comparison Essay Hockey and Cross country are two completely different sports in many aspects for example one is played on ice and is very physical and the other you are running on dry ground and all you do is run. But in many aspects these two sports have more in common than most people would think. These two sports in some aspects are polar opposes but having played them both I can say they are very similar. First off they both require extremely high levels of physical endurance and strength. Hockey requires you to have physical strength, quickness, and hand eye coordination. As cross country requires physical strength as well, but it also requires you to put your mind over your body, this means that no matter what kind of physical pain you may be in you have to block out the pain and keep running. Now most people think that cross country is not a team sport and only individuals run cross country right? Well they are very wrong cross country is just as much of a team sport as hockey. In cross country you rely on your team mates to place well in their race to score points just as a hockey player would in hockey. Both hockey and cross country require immense amounts of training. Hockey you have to train your hand eye coordination as well as having good vision and being physically strong. Cross country you must train your endurance you must have massive amounts of stamina as well as mental strength. Cross country you need a strong core and legs and stamina, but hockey requires you to be strong in every muscle group. Hockey is a physical sport that requires you to be able to block out pain after a big hit or a player takes a puck where they don’t have any padding.

Change of Logistics in Tesco analysis

Change of Logistics in Tesco analysis In this paper, the key subject focuses on the change issues facing Tesco in the next five years, especially on the logistics. The operation process of change makes huge headway towards the modern Tescos supply chain Tesco plc is a British international grocery and general merchandising retailer. This company operates 4331 stores in 14 countries around in the UK, other European countries, the US and Asia (Tesco PLC. Company Profile, 2009). Tesco is headquartered in Hertfordshire, the UK and employs over 470,000 people. Tesco was founded in 1919 when Jack Cohen began to sell surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London (Tesco: Our History, 2007). It is the largest retailer in British by both global sales and domestic market share. Behind Wal-Mart and Carrefour, it is the third largest global retailer. Originally specializing in food and drink, Tesco has diversified into fields such as clothing, telecoms, car insurance, financial services, health and dental plans, retailing DVDs, CDs, magazines, music downloads, internet services and software. The core purpose of Tesco is to create value for the customers to earn their lifetime loyalty. In this paper, the change of logistics in Tesco is investigated. It falls into three parts, which starts with the fundamental situation of logistics in Tesco. The importance of logistics in Tesco and the current logistics management are presented in this part. The second part investigates the change issues facing Tesco in the next five years, such as strategic change, structural change and technical change. In the third part, barriers and resistance to change are identified. Besides, necessary steps to changes and the different viewpoints of change implement are also involved. 2.0 Logistics in Tesco The business reformation of Tesco in the last 30 or more years is one of the most remarkable stories in British retailing. The organization has become one of Europes leading retail businesses with retail operation in countries as far-ranging as South Korea, Turkey, Poland and Ireland (Tesco PLC. Company Profile, 2009). In common with other large retailers, Tesco buys goods from suppliers into regional distribution centres, for preparation and onward delivery to its stores. Logistics management is the part of the supply chain which plans, implements and controls the storage of goods and related information to meet the customers requirements. The logistics function is one of he links between production and consumption. Over the last decade there is a growing opinion that logistics is not merely a strategic activity but is important in strategic terms (Sparks, 1986). It is no exaggeration to say that if there is no logistics, there would be no Tesco. The current logistics of Tesco is different from the origins of the organization. In 1970s, the supply chain required to deliver comparatively simple products to lots of small high-street stores. Now the current supply chain is in the delivery of all kinds of products in a modern Tesco Extra hypermarket, or in the Tesco Express stores located in busy city centre districts, or the warehouse and weekly shopping on Tesco.com. Since Tesco changed its solely down-market image, Tesco has begun to better understand its customers and control its business. The retail transformation made Tesco put sharp focus on the quality and capability of the supply systems and the relationships with its suppliers. In the history of Tesco, there have been several phases in the transformation of the distribution strategy and operations (Fernie, J and Sparks, L, 2004). In the mid-1970s, Tesco operated a direct to store delivery operation. Suppliers and manufactures delivered directly to stores so the store ma nagers could operate their relationships with the suppliers. This kind of distribution was unable to ensure the consistency between product volumes and quality. Then the organization gained the control of the organization. The change happened in 1980 and was implemented to move away direct delivery to stores for the realization of centralization. Tesco selected a centrally controlled and physically centralized distribution service delivering most of the goods to stores, within a lead time of a maximum of 48 hours (Sparks,1986). That involved an extension of the distribution facilities and the building of new distribution centres, which was located more closely with the existent stores and even the future stores. This strategy produced a rationalized network of distribution centres, linked by computer from stores to head office, which reduced the individual operations. Once the basic network was settled, Tesco put attention to build vertical collaboration in the supply chain. Informa tion sharing, electronic trading and collaborative improvements have become essential to Tesco and brought up the success of Tesco. The Logistics and supply chain reformation have received not only public consideration but also available academic analysis. As a leading food and grocery retailer, Tesco is inevitable to face problems in the future. On the contrary, problems can also turn into opportunities as long as Tesco enforce suitable strategies to change problems into opportunities. Competition among the rivals and the co-operation with the suppliers are all the important issues to Tesco, much less the difficult economic times. 3.0 Logistics Change in the next five years It is crucial for leading retailers to play a vital role in the economic recession. Therefore, the retailers must make cost savings, in the meantime, continue to develop products and services which create real value for their customers. Those that do so can only come out of the downturn. Tesco needs to tackle the huge number of issues that it faces as one of the worlds largest retailers. Tesco has developed a world-class logistics approach to expand its success. But to some extent, the success of Tesco is due to the particular circumstance in the UK. As Tesco has become a much more international retailer, Tesco needs to change logistics and supply chain to face the changing nature of the retail operations. 3.1 Change of Strategy Retailers now do not compete only on the basis of their activities alone, also on the basis of the effectiveness and efficiency of their supply chain. Massive progress which made Tesco successful also made its retail and supply face increasing challenges. By 2009, Tesco had successfully established that retail presence in India, the United States, China, Turkey and Japan. Tesco has become the market leader in these international countries, not to mention the number one status in the British grocery retailer. From 2003, the overseas operation has accounted for almost half the Tesco Group retail space and nearly 20 percent of retail sales (Tesco plc Annual Report, 2003). Due to the economic downturn, Tesco should move its strategy from spreading the business widely to cost reduction. If there are issues in production and primary distribution, these will inevitably have a bad effect on the price, quality and service for the consumers. Once the cost of distribution has been reduced, ther e would be business motivation to apply logistics resource to determine opportunities to make improvements in the company. 3.2 Task in the future Tesco has suppliers on both a local and global scale. In the current economic climate, many customers want to buy products which can support their local business and economy. They are also concerned about food miles and the relative environment impact of the produce they chose (Christopher L.  Weber and H. Scott  Matthews, 2008). Therefore, it is necessary for Tesco to switch task on expanding local sourcing. This task can not only reduce the unit cost distribution year on year, but also lower the capital invested in vehicles. Besides, it can also produce positive effects on cutting down carbon footprint. On climate change, vehicles using for distribution to stores generate a major proportion of Tescos indirect carbon footprint. It is a big challenge for Tesco to address how it can respect on environmental limits. As Tesco continues to expand its business, it must reduce its environment impact at the same time. If the company is failing in controlling the emission of pollutants, the growth of brands will be destroyed. Tesco started a home shopping pilot scheme in 1995. This pilot was extended to 10 stores after two years and the store-based picking operation was expanded over UK in 1999. Now, its internet subsidiary Tesco.com is the largest online retailer in the world. Tesco was the very first internet grocer to market in UK, and by adapting quickly to the fast-changing needs of its customers with careful service and inventive offerings, it has succeeded in being in the lead among its competitors. So, Tesco should enlarge its market share and coverage on the internet. 3.3 People Involves in Change Tesco promise its people the opportunity and makes people feel committed by investing in training and development. As changes are continual and inevitable, it is necessary for Tesco to develop the employee skills. More inevitable is that people involved in changes will give different attitudes to the management. But the no matter what attitudes people take, they all need to change with changing business environment from the directors to the deliverymen. The directors should be sensitive to the change issues and more staff will be hired for their professional skills on website establishment or delivery. The delivers are facing huge challenge for the fast development online shopping. That means the service to the customers should efficient and free from error. 4.0 Change Issues and recommendations Changes are so unpredictable that it is unavoidable to face barriers to change. People naturally resist change because people prefer the know to the unknown. If a company wants people to be able to initiate and sustain change in the workplace, it must be aware of the barriers to change (Pike, B, 2004). Most people refuse to be uncomfortable in changes so that they may quit implementing the changes which the company has planned. So Tesco needs to monitor the training on helping people make a smooth transition and be ready for questions and advices from people. So as a director of Tesco, is it critical to give the top-notch people the professional train and coach and take in ideas from people no matter whether they are useful. Having more ideas generally leads to better ideas, so it is necessary for the directors to generate several alternatives when considering what to deal with changes. Another barrier to change is ambiguous to change. Change requires for clarity and attention. When the company faces too many changes at the same time it becomes difficult to pay attention to them all even though people want to make clear of all the changes. Maybe it is advisable to drop some changes and focus on the most unable to wait. Resistance is as inevitable as change. It is a natural response to any major change. Folger and Skarlicki (1999) claim that organizational change can generate skepticism and resistance in employees, making it sometimes difficult or impossible to implement organizational improvements. Most employees dont like change because they dont like being changed. Though the directors decide to move in the direction of unknown on the promise that something will be better for the company and the staff, but no one can proof. No matter how well designed and planned the change program is, not every staff will be singing its praises. People can only take active steps toward the unknown if they believe the new direction will create benefits. If Tesco want to make the case of change, be sure to set out terms why the company believes the changes can produce benefits. Tesco should defuse political power plays amongst managers and other employees by convoking board-based meetings where tasks and strategie s are openly discussed and introduce operations which leave little room for individual determination. Managers, employees always have questioned the value of the role of change agent in their organization. It is because the label change agent is usually related with misunderstanding, cynicism and stereotyping. As organization of all kinds face inevitable changes in their environment, the need for change agents who are capable of turning strategy into reality has created an important role. Dave Ulrich (1996) suggests that founding a renewed organization is the deliverable expected from the change agent role in Human Resources. The change agents enable people to work effectively as they plot and increase peoples ability to manage future change. So Tesco is necessary to hire a change agent to deal with the change and suggest the steps necessary to implement changes, though there are suspicious voices. For a company facing changes, change agents are strategic thinkers with a vision which is shared across the organization (Kaufman, 2005). But the skills of change agents which can lead to success must be grounded in a passion for the final goal and the ability to sustain the pression through the challenges and setbacks inherent in bold visions. Tesco does not need a change agent with high education but a change agent with efficiency and bold vision. Tescos core purpose and values define the way it dose business, how it treat the consumers, the employees and the suppliers. Tescos corporate social responsibility policy objective is to earn the trust of the customers by acting responsibly in the communities it serve. So the task of purchasing local produces is wise for causing favorable impression from the local customers and a commendable active to the social communities. Tesco should plan a mature plan on the integrating the network management in the next two years for the fast booming of online shopping. It is urgent for Tesco to occupy the online market over the world though someone will criticize this task of Tesco is invasive. Therefore, Tesco need to guarantee the welfare and safety of the employees of the suppliers and deliveries for making them extend fair and honest to the customers. The envisaged schedule of cost reduction builds upon that the appropriate resources are assigned. Primary distribution should be keeping on with cost reduction. 5.0 Conclusion The change management carries with many challenges. Challenges involved with the amount of time required to develop, arrange and implement the plan as well as align people around its breakthrough strategies (Silverman, 2000).As the retailers have realized the importance of distribution is underestimated and the consumer needs are changeable, the need of improve the quality accuracy of logistics is paramount. For a growth company like Tesco it is vital that the company meets the challenges produced by the economic downturn. By grasping the right opportunities, protecting itself from unpredictable capital markets and trading in a sustainable way Tesco should confront this recession as an even stronger company. It is impossible to predict the future and to state demonstrably what the Tesco logistics will appear in the following years of course. Certainly, procedures in the area of environment aspects of logistics will continue to place pressure on retails and supplier to reinforce their performance. The electronic grocery shopping with direct home delivery is gradually becoming an option for more consumers. All the changes require the active support of employees and involvement of senior management in order to be successful.

Noise Pollution Essay -- Cause Effect Noise Environment Essays

Noise Pollution Abstract No one on earth can escape the sounds of noise- an unwanted, disturbing sound that causes a nuisance in the eye of the beholder. Noise is a disturbance to the human environment that is escalating at such a high rate that it will become a major threat to the quality of human lives. In the past thirty years, noise in all areas, especially in urban areas, have been increasing rapidly. There are numerous effects on the human environment due to the increase in noise pollution. In the following paper, the cause and effects of noise pollution will be presented in some detail. Slowly, insensibly, we seem to accept noise and the physiological and psychological deterioration that accompanies it as an inevitable part of our lives. Although we attempt to set standards for some of the most major sources of noise, we often are unable to monitor them. Major sources of noise can be airplanes at takeoff and landing, and a truck just off the assembly line, yet we seem accept and enjoy countless other sounds, from hard rock music to loud Harley Davidson motor cycles. The following areas will be investigated in some detail; adolescent education, neural-effects, sleep, hearing damage, occupational environment, transportation, and physiological effects. Introduction Almost everyone has had one experience of being temporarily "deafened" by a loud noise. This "deafness" in not permanent, although it is often accompanied by a ringing in the ears, and one can hear another person if he raises his voice. Likewise, normal hearing comes back within a few hours at most. This sort of partial hearing loss is called Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) (Bugliarello, et al., 1976). A TTS may be experienced after firing a gun or... ...aft Noise and Psychiatric Hospital Admissions Conducted in the Same Area. Psychol. Med Vol. 9: 681-693. Maser, A.; Sorensen,; and Krypter, K. 1978. Effects of Intrusive Sound on Classroom Behavior: Data from a Successful Lawsuit. San Francisco. Peterson, W. H. and Northwood, T. D. 1981. Noise raised blood pressure without impairing auditory sensitivity. Science Vol. 211: 1450-1452. United States National Industrial Pollution Control Council (NIPCC), 1970 Vallet, M. Psychophysiological 1979. Effects of Exposure to Aircraft or to Traffic Noise. Proc. Inst. Acoustics Vol. 3: 1-4. Von Bekesy, George. 1957. The Ear, Scientific American, 197: 61-67 Council on Environmental Quality. 1979. US Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. US Environmental Protection Agency. 1980. The Extent of the Noise Problem. WHO Report. 1990. UN Conference.

Hollowicked and Arcane Battle Against One Another Essay -- Fantasy Genr

In the following, I will analyse the film Arcane in order to clarify whether it constitutes a fantasy genre. To do so I will concentrate on the characteristics of a fantasy genre. How it can be recognised. Fantasies are what depart from our understanding of reality. To answer the initial question, a closer analysis of the structural elements (cinematography), the narrative approach and the theme of Arcane will disclose if it departs significantly from our understanding of reality. Only if I can discover the answer to this question to be proven, it is possible to proceed with the following question. Nochimson (2010) stated, â€Å"Hollywood trains us to expect escapism, to enter into a fantasy world where the colours are brighter, all desires are fulfilled, and there are know obstacles that the hero cant overcome.† The first scene of analysis is the opening scene, for the very reason that it shapes the audience’s expectations of what is to come. From a cinematography point of view, there is a great use of abstract dark colours, like the unusual metallic blue used to give a night-time effect. Arcane is in his astounding costume and Valerie’s opposite him walking slowly towards each other through the overpowering rain. The actions taken place already suggest a significant departure from reality, as it is very hard to identify with the depicted surrounding and its properties which seems to create an unrealistic atmosphere. Through the use of jump cuts this atmosphere is enhanced: they disrupt the continuity (Brown 2002) of the viewer’s perception and therefore add to this feeling of estrangement and awkwardness. Subsequently we end up in Nick’s bedroom upon waking from his dream. Between the two scenes the colours used give a clea... ...ut his desires. The moral of the story is that he learns that friendship is more important. Striving to get with the girl, Nick grows as a character. D.Ledesma mentioned, â€Å"Quests help the characters to grow as they strive for an object or ideal. The struggles between opposing forces are to achieve or restore balance to the world. Themes of heroism and coming of age bring about growth in characters. Other themes appear in Fantasy but these are the major ones† Given the definition of fantasy, it is fairly clear to claim that it is highly probable for the film to constitute a fantasy genre, because all scenes analysed from above and the short comparison with Brazil displayed a significant departure from reality. Having discovered that the elements needed for a film to constitute a fantasy genre are present in Arcane, I am now able to move on to the next question.

gene therapy :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gene Therapy Gene Therapy is the insertion of a gene or genes into cells in order to provide a new set of instructions to those cells. Gene insertion can be used to correct an inherited genetic defect which is causing disease, to counter or correct the effects of a genetic mutation, or even to program a cell for an entirely new function or property. Genes are composed of molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA (see Nucleic Acids), and are usually located in the nucleus of cells. The instructions that direct the development of an organism are encoded within the genes. Some diseases such as cystic fibrosis are caused by an inherited genetic defect. Other diseases are caused by a miscoding of a gene so that the instructions it contains are disrupted or changed. Genetic miscoding occurs when the DNA in a cell is being duplicated during cell growth and division (somatic mutation) and is common when a cell becomes cancerous. Clinical use of gene therapy began on September 14, 1990, at the National I nstitute of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, when a four-year-old girl received gene therapy treatment for adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, an ordinarily fatal inherited disease of the immune system. Because of this genetic defect she was susceptible to recurrent life-threatening infections. Gene therapy for this patient involved using a genetically modified virus to carry a normal ADA gene into her immune cells. The inserted ADA gene then programmed the cells to produce the missing ADA enzyme, which led to normal immune function in those cells. This treatment temporarily helped her to develop resistance to infection. Gene therapy may eventually provide effective treatment for many diseases that currently have no cure. These include inherited disorders such as cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, and juvenile diabetes. In addition, gene therapy can also be used to treat many disorders that are not inherited, since gene insertion can also program a cell for an entirely new function . Several new therapies for non-genetic disorders are currently being tested.

In “The Stone Angel,” Margaret Laurence writes a gripping story seen though the eyes of an old woman nearing the end of her life

At ninety, Hagar Shipley speaks touchingly of the dangers of growing old and reflects with bitterness, humor, and a sorrowful perception of her own frailties on the life She has led. In this story circumstances and character traits are most influential in shaping the lives of the characters, especially Hagar Shipley. An example of a character trait that is most influential in shaping the live of a character is at the beginning of this novel. From her childhood as a daughter of a Scottish merchant to her marriage, Hagar has fought a long and wrong battle for freedom and respect. Her life has been ruled by her concern of external appearances and behavior. Although She felt love and happiness, She refused to show it fearing others may view it as a weakness. Hagar has divided feelings about her husband, her passionate fondness to one son, Marvin, and her negligence of another, John. She is sometimes regretful but rarely sorry. The main internal characteristic responsible for this was her pride. This is supported by the comment she made: â€Å"Pride was my wilderness and the demon that led me there was fear. † She has been afraid of being unrespectable, afraid of needing too much and giving too much and her pride is both unsettling and inspirational. Hagar inherited this strong pride from her father, Jason Currie, along with other poor qualities. However, Hagar tries to escape from her own poor qualities to which She is imprisoned; attempting to stuff the emptiness within her. Throughout her life, Hagar is desperately trying to escape. Even though Hagar has pride of herself, She becomes progressively more powerless to care for herself and therefore becomes an unbearable tension on her son, Marvin and his wife, Doris. This tension makes them decide to put her in a nursing home because they can no longer take care of her. She is full of anger, but is childlike and illogical. She needs support with almost everything, yet She irritably refuses aid. Despite her knowing that She is a worry, she denies it herself. Despite character traits being most significant, circumstances within this story too are also as influential as the character traits. An illustration of this is the use of Lilacs by the author, Margaret Laurence, to indicate many bad events in The Stone Angel. This color is portrayed through a silk dress that Hagar wears many times in this novel. The Lilac dress is introduced on the day that Hagar purchases the dress. She refers to the past on the day She bought the dress with Doris, her daughter in law. I wear my lilac silk because the day seems Sunday†¦ How annoyed She was with me when I bought this dress. † She mentions that her feet are aching and is very tired. Doris on the other hand does not think this silk is worth buying. Though she does not like this dress Doris thinks she will buy it anyways and this started all the bad happenings that are related to this lilac silk dress. One such bad happening in the novel is when She wears the lilac silk dress at the dinner t able with Marvin and Doris. She then notices that something is wrong. â€Å"What is it? I want to shout the question impatiently at the face. Instead I fold my hands, as I am meant to do over my silk lilac belly, and wait. † She later finds out that She lives in with her husband and her family for many years. Doris keeps on pushing Marvin to tell Hagar that She should let go of the house and move on with her life. Hagar feels that her life is joyful and does not think that She needs a change. As a conclusion, circumstances and character traits have both been most influential in shaping the lives of the characters in The Stone Angel.

Character and Stories

Out of the many stories that we have to compare, the best would have to be The Candide and Dante’s Inferno. There are many different ways that you can compare these two similar stories. The most obvious comparison from the beginning would have to be religion. Both of these stories begin with a man that has some type of issue or tries to decide how to deal and question religion. Another way to compare these stories is how both stories were controversial at the time because of their religious meanings.Dante’s inferno was extremely controversial because of the fact that it described hell in such a detailed way and painted a vivid picture for such a negative place. Candied was controversial because of the way it concluded. Since both of these stories had to do with religion it makes sense that it would have controversy. Most stories that have to do with religion in one way or another have some sort of controversy with them.There are too many people that have many different beliefs and ideas of what religion is for it not to be one of the more controversial storylines. Another way to compare both of these stories is by noticing the fact that both Dante and Candide both end up having mentors or people that help them guide them through the story. This is another connection that religion brings together Virgil as a guide to help him travel through hell. In Candide, Pangloss helps Candide travel through his journey as well.This is a common theme in stories that have to do with religion because a lot of religious stories deal with a person either not believing or having trouble finding religion and using a guide or a mentor having their own connection to religion. For example, Pangloss was a philospher that had many strong theories about religion. On Dante’s inferno Virgil was an pagon so he was deeply connected in the religion to help the main character to understand and help himcome to a conclusion about what his conflict is and how to solve it. Bo th stories also had very elaborate sexual scenes.In Candide, Pangloss contracted syphilis from a chambermaid named Panquete. In Dante’s Inferno the second circle was designed for people who committed lust crimes while on earth. I believe that different sexual partners were not accepted and were also frowned upon making these acts known in both stories helped signify what people believed was right or wrong. I believe some of the issues that they had would be replaced that we find wrong in our society or magnified so that religion can help separate what is accepted and what is not. For example, I believe if it as this day and age that people’s sexual orientation would play a much bigger role in Dante’s inferno. Also, in both stories there are multiple people that meet throughout the story that all have different outlooks on life, religion, and philosophy. I believe this helps to make the story more enjoyable so the main character does not only have one idea to bel ieve in. it also makes the story more realistic by making the main character choose between different people to trust or different people to help him guide him through the story.

Supply Chain Management Metrics

Selecting the key metrics to measure performance a long the supply chain can be crucial, as clear connections have to be made between the metrics and the business goals in order for the business to achieve the results they are looking for and also to achieve growth within the market place. Management should identify the key performance indicators they need to focus on, measuring these indicators can help them in reaching the company's goals. We have identified Total Throughput Time, Right First Time and On-Time Shipment Delivery as key supply chain metrics to measure across the supply chain. Total Throughput Time The total throughput time of an organisation captures the time the customer sales order is received to the time the product is ready to ship. This time is an accumulative of all the time spent from procuring the raw material to manufacturing and releasing the finished product to ship. This KPI is key to analysing the direct impact each internal and external process has on the customer receiving the order on time. It provides management with an overall view of the critical steps and the relationship each step has on getting the finished product to the customer. This time is usually measured in minutes or in working days. Management can work with the relevant department managers to set the target needed for each of the critical processes that have a direct impact on the customer order. Each department can then manage internally their individual KPI and work to the pre-determined target. Management can then monitor the KPI's weekly or monthly. This will provide management with a clear view on how each process is performing and can highlight any issues that could have a direct impact on the customer not receiving the order on time. Monitoring the KPI's will quicken response times to resolving issues if and when they arise. The customer will also be informed of this time so they can build this into their own forecast, the customer can then use this measure as the time it will take to receive their order on time from the supplier. The customer then knowing the capacity constraints of the supplier can eliminate the risk of over ordering and not receiving the product on time. Right First Time Measuring right first time internally on the product manufactured is an important factor for the organisation, it can identify the quality of the supply chain from start to finish, and how many deviations are occurring on the product right through the supply chain process. Right first time is usually measured in percentage, this percentage is based on the number of good product manufactured against the customer demand or manufacturing plan, any deviations along the supply chain process would have a negative effect on this percentage. Management will set out a target percentage for the organisation to achieve, and this has to be met by the organisation if the customer is to receive the order on time. This can then be monitored weekly or monthly by management. Right first time can be viewed either positively or negatively by the customer. If the supplier has a high right first time percentage, this can be viewed as a positive by the customer that the suppliers supply chain is strong with little deviations to the process. If on the other hand the supplier had a low right first time percentage, the customer could be worried that the suppliers supply chain is weak, which could have negative implications on the demand in the future, or that there is an issue with the quality of the product, this could lead to product re-calls and jeopardise the suppliers long term future with the customer. On-time shipment delivery The key performance metric I have chosen to discuss is On-time shipment delivery. This is the measurement within McAfee from the time the product ships from one of our fulfilment sites to successful delivery at a customer's site. The incoterm we use is FOB Origin which means the customer is invoiced for the product upon shipment and is responsible for the products in transit. We offer a pre pay and add solution that requires Mfe to manage the delivery to agreed service levels throughout the EMEA region. Each countries service level is unique depending on the physical location in EMEA , our broad rule is we will deliver within 2 – 4 business days to all EU major cities, our contracted forwarder (TNT) are responsible to achieve these targets and report daily on exceptions, weekly on performance & quarterly on the previous 12 weeks performance during our strategic business review. This service level agreement & reported performance is more importantly the Mfe logistics promise to our customer. We manage this KPI on a weekly performance report to Mfe corporate in North America, exceptions are clearly identified & clear corrective actions implemented when non performance trends are visible. This allows Mfe to clearly identify inherent weaknesses in a partner's delivery chain & assign important resources to provide resolution. This simple key performance indicator allows me to identify where issues rest in our regional supply chain, when we include additional regions & consolidate this report it allows clear visibility in a simple to read format of where we need to assign technical expertise. This simple KPI provides enormous value to our global supply chain and is an integral part of our relationship with McAfee customers & McAfee contracted suppliers. Conclusion When an organisation sets out to select metrics to measure their supply chain the critical goal that is common across all industries is that the metrics have to be aligned with the overall business strategy, doing this will help the organisation to become profitable and competitive, if this is not the case such heights will be harder to achieve as the focus will be on the wrong areas. Achieving the pre-determined metrics across the supply chain will have an end result of satisfying the customer.

Polar Bears

The different adaptations of the Polar Bears and Brown Bears Polar Bears: Polar bears mainly eat seals Paw pads with rough surfaces help stop the Polar Bears from slipping on the ice Polar Bears don't swim The polar bear's fat layer, which is three to four inches thick, not only protects it from the cold A polar bear is so well insulated that it experiences no heat loss. The bear's blubber layer can measure 4. 5 inches thick. Polar bears have excellent underwater vision. They can spot food up to 15 feet away.They have sharp claws and teeth to eat prey Their ears have small surface area compared to body, reduces heat loss Thick white fur for camouflage and insulation Long legs for running to catch prey Brown Bears: They have thick insulating coats and tend to be large which helps them to keep their body heat They hibernate during winter. They have sharp claws and teeth which help them attack their prey. Adult brown bears are powerful; much of their diet consists of nuts, berries, frui t, leaves and oots.Bears also eat other animals. Brown bears can be recognized by their most distinctive feature, their shoulder hump. The shoulder muscle helps the bears to dig up roots and tear apart logs to find food. These muscles are located in the ‘hump' of the brown bear. Brown bears can move rocks and logs and dig through hard soil and rocky ground using their long sharp claws when making their dens. They eat grass, fruit, insects, roots and bulbs of plants.

Report about my industrial placement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Report about my industrial placement - Essay Example Starbucks coffee is popular in all customer types, irrespective of what age group customers belong to. Customers love to spend not only leisure time but important business decisions are taken while sipping Starbucks coffee. Market for retail coffee is highly competitive but the only competitor from revenue earning perspective has been Nestle S.A. Competition in the coffee industry is determined by the price and quality of products against the product range. Thus, from earning potential angle, Starbucks is second only to Nestle S.A. The table below shows that the product line breadth of Starbucks is high relative to its competitors like Dunkin Donuts and McDonalds showing moderate breadth while other competitors including Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Kraft Foods, Inc. And Nestle S.A. are low in product line breadth (Brown and Nwabueze, 2011). Table1: Direct Competitors to Starbucks Firm Product line Breadth Revenues (2010) in Millions % of Total Group Revenues Starbucks High 10,707 27% Dunkin Donuts Moderate 5,500 14% McDonald's Moderate 2,400 6% Green Mountain Coffee Roasters Low 803 2% Kraft Foods, Inc. Low 3,100 8% Nestle S.A. Low 17,700 44% Source: Harold Brown 2011 Competition in the coffee retail segment is going to be severe with all the leading players bent on capturing new global markets. Starbucks is very well positioned with networked marketing, technology usage, Starbucks rechargeable payment cards and mobile apps for quick and easy order placing and payment (Brown and Nwabueze, 2011). Starbucks has successfully adhered to its policy on corporate social responsibility by identifying coffee farmers as critical partners in the growth history of the company. Starbucks has evolved and strengthened its relationships with all stakeholders and partners, including customers, employees, suppliers and communities over the years (Harnrungchalotorn and Phayonlerd, 2010). The organisational chart of Starbucks has gained significant growth by 1991 with the incr ease in profitability. It prompted Schultz to initiate a new employee programme for the long-lasting success of the Company – a stock option plan for all employees. The purpose was to create a link between their positive role and the rising market value of the Company. Stock options were awarded on the proportionate basis to base pay. Yet another programme, the Bean Stock, was offered for employees benefit. Even part-time employees could also benefit from this programme of the Company. It helped the Company to recruit motivated people with above-average capabilities and good work habits not only due to its fringe benefit programme but also its pay scale. Starbucks has experienced low turnover rates relatively to other companies because of its initiatives for creating a good work environment. The competitive retailers had high turnover rates for store employees in the range of 150 to 400% a year while the turnover rates for Starbucks’ baristas were near to 65%. For the position of store managers, the Company turnover rate was near to 25% relative to approximate 50% for other chain retailers. Schultz’ management of Starbucks through the values and principles has increased the brand performance in the desired way. Employees feel high on morality. There is respect for all, irrespective of the designation one holds. One can see the impact of increased level of

Property Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Property Management - Assignment Example Having them is an advantage to the company. The company also uses the most effective way s to attract customers and to retain the ones that already exist. Several sales are registered anytime a marketing campaign is rolled out. Competition also exists in the industry. The major competitors are two big foreign companies. They are Glitz Housing Company and Sarajevo Group. The company owns approximately 37% of the market share and the two companies share the remaining percentage. The financial projections of the company are expected to be more promising as compared to the past years. Last year, the company registered a 13.64% increase in profits. This was an improvement of 4.23% on the previous year. The company expects a steady climb in income because the demand for houses is increasing daily. This puts the company at a perfect position to stabilize itself. Introduction Property management exists in the current world than never before. This is because people get busier with the increas e in engagement. This is attributed to the fact that people do diverse jobs, and very few are dependent on a single job. Property management involves several activities with different implications to the company. All these should are carried out with synchrony with the other tasks. This ensures that there is no confusion in the management of the property. Property management for residential homes includes a lot of activities. People tend to give property management firms responsibilities to handle their property because of various reasons. Some people tend to be very busy to appoint that they reassign the management of their properties to companies. Home management is not an easy thing to do as entails a lot. It involves the maintenance of the properties so that they do not get worn out very fast. Residential homes tend to be a harder task to crack because they are occupied on almost fulltime basis. The occupancy can be by the real owners or the people who are left to guard the prem ises. Property management for residential homes gives the company a chance to have a personal touch with the tenants. The tenants play a big role because it is their money that drives the whole industry. The property managers do gain a lot from their jobs. They do get a percentage of the total income in a specific period. This depends on the terms and conditions that exist between the two parties. Property management in homes has some good returns. This is because at some point in time, someone will have to own a house or at least rent one. The property management company does a lot of things to ensure that clients stick to their homes. They also lay down rules on how best they can attract customers to their housing units. The property managers play several other key roles. They draft the budget that they work with for a given period. This includes the expenses and the incomes registered as well. The property managers also ensure that the tenants pay the rent in time. This ensures t hat there are no defaulters. As a result, the company’s income does not reduce in any way. Rent collection is a very crucial part in the management of properties. This is solely because it is the most important source of income. Property management for residential homes revolves around the rent collection of rent. In case there are defaulters, the property managers also ensure that the debt is paid in due time. The property managers ensure that tenants adhere to the set rules and regulation regarding housing. The rules and regulat

E-commerce (online shopping) in Saudi Arabia and the UK Coursework

E-commerce (online shopping) in Saudi Arabia and the UK - Coursework Example The need to promote the sales for many organizations has promoted the rise of E-commerce1. However, E-commerce was initially a preserve of large companies, until the perception for its structures and models changed. Recently, many organizations, both big and small are venturing into E-commerce, which is a promising prospect for enhanced growth. Therefore, to reap the benefits arising from E-commerce, many governments have been promoting technology use for the governmental and the private sector organizations2. In advancing technology use for business growth, Saudi Arabia and the UK alike have been involved in E-commerce. Structure of E-commerce in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia has adopted E-commerce as a channel for sales and distribution, to enhance the internationalization of the country’s brands and sales, while also reaching the target market 1. The country has a large retail market, consisting of domestic consumers of both genders, whose purchasing power is high. The rate of growth of the Saudi Arabian Middle Class has been on the rise, making it possible for a large population to earn good incomes, which increase their purchasing power 2. However, E-commerce has not been fully adopted in the retail sector, due to lack of effective knowhow, lack of necessary infrastructure and lack of requisite full government support

Integrating Civics Educations into Liberal Studie Essay

Integrating Civics Educations into Liberal Studie - Essay Example In this subject are elements of humanities, science and liberal arts, which serves to help learners have a broad outlook after completing their senior secondary level studies. Some of the areas of study in this subject include self and personal development, personal identity, and preparing for adulthood, role of an individual and society, conflict resolution and interpersonal relationship, economic restructuring, the rule of law and participation in society and politics, and finally the general quality of life (Chan, and Sin, 2005). Likewise, the curriculum development council has proposed that civic education be also introduced in both elementary and secondary schools. In the past, civic education has never been made a complete and independent subject in Hong Kong. However, recently, civic education has been strengthened, and is embedded in other subjects such as history and Chinese among others. The major aim for this subject is to strengthen learners positive attitudes and values, develop good civic and personal qualities and also create an individual vision in committing and contributing to one’s country, family and the world. The general concepts, points and evaluation mode are very powerful and strict. It has been argued that integrating this subject to liberal studies will facilitate the achievement of the goal of a making a balanced and well-rounded person, rather than making it an independent subject (China Daily, Jun 1 2011 8:42). The purpose of introducing liberal studies in China’s New Secondary Curriculum is to broaden the student’s knowledge base as well as enhance their social awareness through studying a wide range of issues. The module in the curriculum focuses on the themes, which are of significance to the society, students and the world in general. These are designed in such a way that students are enabled to make connections across various fields of knowledge

Business - Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business - Decision Making - Essay Example For example, the depreciation in the value of a car as time passes and the distance it is driven is done by simple regression. But this type of situation rarely exists since there are many complex factors or variables that exist in the real world. If we want to calculate the future earning of a person taking only his years in school is simple regression, but it is not accurate since other factors like age, qualification, industry, experience are not taken into account. If we take all these factors into account the situation becomes more complex and hence multiple regressions would have to be used. Linear regression is used in similar circumstances as a simple regression. A relationship between height and weight of adults can be presented in a linear regression. The heights and weights are marked on a graph and a straight line is drawn through the middle. On the other hand nonlinear regression (NLREG) is used in more complex situations. "NLREG is a powerful statistical analysis program that performs linear and nonlinear regression analysis, surface and curve fitting." (NLREG). After the taking over of Company W, WidgeCorp is supposed to be one of the leading industries under marketing of snack foods and beverages. Their style of management and business decision-making was different from the company W. The WidgeCoThe WidgeCorp wanted their employees to collect relevant information's by doing statistical analysis and make use of the information gathered for decision making and further action, unlike the company W which actually relied on experience and judgment of their managers. (Problem, 2008). By the next year, within the industry, the sale of snacks and cold beverages are supposed to be the largest product segments, and these 2 categories will become driving force of the industry. The cold beverages are acquiring space in almost all shops with a high proportion in hotel groups and restaurants. Cold storage machines grew at an even more impressive 42% in 1999, with this growth coming at the expense of shelf-stable products. According to the National Restaurant Association, revenues from restaurants as far as cold beverages are concerned are expected to reach $321 billion in 1999. This cold beverages industry is concerned as a large and healthy industry in our economy, and suppliers to this industry are expected to benefit from this growth. The chances of progress of a industry which is fast moving and innovative which can introduce enhanced products to the restaurants and other needy customers stand to gain significant market share in a relatively short time span. The company can market its cold beverages to three distinct market segments including; distributors, branded sandwich and juice manufacturers, and end users, whose main focus will be on restaurants and hotels. (Vending services business plan, 1996-2008). According to AC Neilson figures, in the cold beverage industry there has been a continuous increase in sales figures. The market saw considerable growth in , rising by 214% in 2002 and 2003, A survey commissioned by the company Squeeze last year showed that 53% of Irish people drink fruit juice almost daily. Sales figures intimated that Britain now consumes 2.2 billion

New Product Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New Product Development - Essay Example However, the only set back that this business is facing is that the products are perishable which prompts manufacturers to get the best ways to avail these products to the market segment before they get spoiled. Another setback is that, at the market, manufacturers must hope that consumers purchase the products fast before they get perished (Nickels, 2010). However, apart from natural juices, large industries are also manufacturing these items on a large scale. These can be found in supermarkets and other large shops. With good storage methods, these items are can take very many months. However, the only demerit of these industrially manufactured juices is that they have additional additives apart from the natural elements of these juices. These juices are normally packed in well sealed packets and bottles, unlike those manufactured on small scale that is not sealed permanently. This paper analyses how the demand of these products can be determined in the market segment so that manuf acturers are able to make adjustments. Why fruit/vegetable juices? Nutritional experts advocate for fruit and vegetable juices due to their nutritional content especially for patients with nutritional derangements and those with nutritional disorders. Many infections in children and old people result from nutritional impairments. Children and old people are the most susceptible populations in the populations due to their weaker immunity. As a result of this, it becomes necessary for parents to ensure that they get the required nutrition. Fruit and vegetable juices have high vitamin contents and also provide this population with trace elements that are not available in most food substances. Failure to provide this population with nutrients will lead to malnourishment and weakened immunities which make them susceptible to immune infections. Even patients with serious infections like HIV/ AIDS are advised to take these juices since they add important nutrients in their bodies that assi st their weak bodies to fight opportunistic infections. Apart from this, fruit juices are the most refreshing soft drinks available, hence, are used by people of various populations and in different quarters. For example, when going to cinemas, it has become a hobby for many to carry these juices due to the refreshing feeling they give to its users. The same applies to sports fans that carry these juices to act as refreshments during sports matches. As a result of this, demand for these products is immense, which has prompted manufacturers and all stakeholders to determine the best ways to promote sales, and at the same time pleasing their customers. Demand for new fruit products When determining and investigating the demand by consumers for new products, manufacturers of these juices need to examine the optimal market segment for these products. Vegetable and fruit juices are extensively bought by the nutritionally deranged, the young generation that attends sports and other relate d events and families in urban settings. Therefore, through studying this optimal market segment, manufacturers will be able to gauge the extent that their products are doing good in the, market place setting (Crane, 2010). For example, by observing sales of these products in a supermarket, manufactures will be able to find out whether their products are doing well or not (Birt, 2010). Another way for manufacturers of

Product Analysis about Fast Food Restaurant Essay

Product Analysis about Fast Food Restaurant - Essay Example With a varied range of fast food items and ready to eat deserts, the company has been operating well in the international market. The company, in order to meet the changing demands, has been updating their marketing strategies as per the need of the changing time. Moreover, the company has also been serving a varied range of delicacies to capture markets of the fast food restaurants. The company has also opened a large number of franchises to serve people better in the larger number (Dominos IP Holder LLC, 2008). Herewith, the paper focuses to complete a detailed analysis of the fast food restaurant. By analyzing the different market recommendations of the fast food restaurant, a detailed picture of their market strategy is framed. The paper also describes the current fast food services the company is trading on from a critical point of view, highlighting its positives and negatives as well. Initially, Domino’s was involved in serving only Pizzas since its inception. Gradually, with the changing demand and taste preferences, the company became diversified in its food services with the inclusion of a variety of flavored pizzas and a varied range of deserts into their product line. In comparison to other food items, its Handmade Pizza has been a Unique Selling Proposition (USP) to the company, attracting high demand from the targeted consumers. The company has also been selling a wide range of products like the Parmesan Bread Bites, Stuffed Cheesy breads and Chocolate Lava Crunch to attract a diversified customer group. The company is recognized to be the bestsellers of a varied range of products, which has set a benchmark in the industry by ensuring timely delivery with quality. To increase the convenience of home delivery, Domino’s has been taking initiatives in opening a virtual store. These virtual stores were designed in order to enhance the customerâ⠂¬â„¢s convenience in placing orders. Additionally, in order to

Sustainability and the Balanced Scorecard Essay Example for Free

Sustainability and the Balanced Scorecard Essay Practices that are good for the environment and society may appear to have a negative impact on corporate profitability, but use of the balance scorecard can result in a clearer picture of the relationship among sustainable practices, corporate strategies, and profitability. This article explores three ways that sustainable practices can be incorporated into BSC and discusses issues that should be considered when selecting sustainability related measures, targets, and goals. It also examines ways to enhance both internal and external reporting of sustainability-related performance. Adopting green operating practices is certainly good for the environment, yet the implications of such practices for a business’s profitability may be viewed as both positive and negative. On one hand, by contributing to product differentiation in the market- place and enhancing organizational image to investors and customers (both current and potential), green practices may increase a company’s profitability. On the other hand, green practices may actually reduce profitability because of extra costs that result from implementation and continuation of sustainable practices. For example, installing solar panels on a building may lower monthly electricity bills, but, concomitantly, the reduced electricity bills may be more than offset by the high purchase and installation costs associated with the panels. The sustainability concept now runs rampant in business literature, but, unfortunately, there is no agreed- upon definition of sustainability or its underlying tenets. â€Å"Sustainable† or â€Å"green† practices will be found throughout the operations of a business. These practices can be included in the design features of an organization’s buildings, vendor  selection in the supply chain, production of goods and provision of services, and packaging features and distribution elements of those products and services, and the practices will be a significant consideration in a product’s ultimate disposal. The BSC typically reflect four interrelated perspectives of a company: financial, customer, international business prowess, and learning and growth. Each perspective has a series of performance measures, targets, and goals that reflect the firm’s long-term strategies. The financial perspective takes the viewpoint of the company shareholders and typically uses traditional financial measures such as operating cash flows, return on investment, and changes in operating income over time. The customer perspective addresses product and firm differentiation strategies as well as value creation from the viewpoint of the organizations client base. The international business processes perspective includes measures of the efficiency and the effectiveness of the firms operations. The learning and growth perspective focuses on the creation of organizational value through employees and innovative practices. The first method is to add a fifth perspective to the BSC. It may be the simplest approach for companies that want to emphasize sustainability as a key corporate value or a critical strategy. The sustainability perspective consists of social and environmental performance indicators that link with the other four BSC dimensions and highlights the importance of social, environmental, and economic responsibility as a corporate goal. This approach could allow management to establish less definitive measurements without compromising organizational aggregation. The second approach is sustainability-balanced scorecard (SBSC). A separate SBSC is an appropriate for many companies such as those existing BSC but want to measure or integrate sustainability without the disruption and cost of adopting a full-scale BSC. SBSC include the following four perspectives: sustainability, stakeholders, processes and learning. The sustainability perspective would emphasize the triple bottom line of economic prosperity, environmental quality, and social justice. The stakeholder perspective would  incorporate measures of business ethics, labor practices, and impact on society. The processes perspective would focus on specific organizational external and internal processes products, tools, and systems. The learning perspective would stress organizational synergy, training, and research and development. A strength of the SBSC is that a well-defined corporate sustainability strategy is not essential to its development. The third is integrating sustainability measures throughout the four perspectives. Management has to both define the metrics that are important in measuring progress towards organizational sustainability objectives, and how sustainability (or lack thereof) will affect the future. Incorporating new measures are important the firms financial well being as customer satisfaction, manufacturing cycle efficiency, and patent-generating research and development. The integration method also works well for companies that have adopted a more all-encompassing definition of sustainable practices that includes environmental, health, and social aspects. This article relates to accounting class because of the topics covered such as sustainability, triple bottom reports, return on investment, and balanced scorecard. The article concludes with developing sustainability metrics. These provide tangible guidance to how the strategies implemented help create shareholder value. There are three ways that sustainable practices can be incorporated into the balanced scorecard: adding a fifth perspective to the BSC, a sustainability-balanced scorecard, and integrating sustainability measures throughout the four perspectives. My perspective is, I know how important it is to be not only more â€Å"green† today, but as cost effective as possible. The three methods don’t look too complicated to be implemented. The article states at the end that companies are being pressured by stakeholders to become more transparent, and such transparency is becoming the norm rather than the exception. The 2008 KPMG international survey of corporate responsibility reporting found that, in 2008, nearly 80% of the worlds largest 250 companies issued some type of responsibility report. These responsibility reports included governance, ethical, environmental and social issues. It is now more important than ever to go green.

Functioning Of Body Systems Essay Example for Free

Functioning Of Body Systems Essay What is energy? Energy can make changes possible. We use it for our every day lives, it helps to move cars over road and boats over water. Energy is also used to allow our bodies to grow, keep warm and help our minds think. Scientific define energy as the capacity to do work. Energy cannot be destroyed or created, only transported from one source to another. Forms of energy †¢ Potential Energy: Potential is the stored energy of position and the energy of position- gravitational energy. When an object is displaced from its original position and there is energy pulling it back to that position, this works with potential energy. This is when a moving object no longer has kinetic energy; it has potential energy instead. †¢ Chemical energy: Is energy stored which are in the bonds of the atoms and molecules. Batteries biomass, natural gas and coal are examples of stored chemical energy. When chemical energy is burnt it is converted to thermal energy such as burning wood in a fire place. In the human body the glucose is said to have ‘chemical energy’ this is because when chemicals react with oxygen, it releases energy. †¢ Kinetic Energy: Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, its all about where movement happens; even it’s just a simple movement, it still has kinetic energy, like just clapping, dancing, singing, writing, talking, etc. also it’s the energy of motion. [pic] M1 Role of the energy in the human body The Cardiovascular system The human body is made up of the heart and blood vessels; it helps cooling and transportation system for the human body. The main role is to circulate blood through a network of vessel throughout the body to provide individual cells with oxygen and nutrients that help dispose OFF waste (Carbon Dioxide) The Cardiac system gives us energy in the Mitochondria. Metabolism Metabolism is a collection of chemical reactions that take place in the body’s cell. It converts the fuel in the food of which that’s eaten into the energy needed to control everything we do, from moving to thinking to growing. Specific proteins in the body control the chemical reactions of the metabolism, and each of the chemical reaction is coordinated with their body functions. Hormones control the guidance and speed of metabolism. When a person is at rest the speed of metabolism is called basal metabolic rate, this measures the heat produced by metabolism. In the process of metabolism molecules in the digestive system break proteins down into glucose, fatty acids or amino acids, which can be used as an energy source in the body. These become absorbed into the blood, which transports them to the cells. Anabolism The process of anabolism involves simpler molecules combining together to form complex compounds. The main function involves building and storing the proteins. The cells bring together amino acids to form structural and functional proteins. The functional proteins that individually catalyze chemical reactions occur and help fight off diseases that regulate the on-going body process. Cells work in the liver and the muscle, combining molecules of glucose to form glycogen – a compound which is stored. Catabolism The process of catabolism produces energy that’s vital to all activities in the cells. It helps the breaking down of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids to keep the energy and the heat in process. As the process continues, newly digested food, storage glycogen are involved. Breaking down of the fatty acids takes place in two steps. The 1st step which is called Glycolysis, works without oxygen and it produces a small amount of energy. The 2nd stage which takes place is the stage of the Krebs cycle, in this process a series of chemical reactions from Acetyl-CoA with Oxygen, producing carbon dioxide, water and energy. ATP= Adenosine Triphosphate, is the energy needed for cells to function and for muscles to contract. ATP is stored in the muscle and liver Gives Energy by producing: Carbohydrates = Digestion Glucose Fats = Fatty Acids Proteins = Amino Acids This becomes absorbed into the blood is then transported in the cells (muscle, nerve liver). They are then used to produce ATP or it is stored ATP is stored in small amounts, therefore they are stored as: Glucose: Glycogen (Muscle Liver) Fatty Acids: Body Fat Amino Acids: Growth, repair and excreted waste. Cells in the body need energy to function FOOD=ENERGY (E) [pic] Anaerobic Energy Exercise with oxygen Glycogen breaks down into: ATP + CO2 + H20 Using large muscle groups continuously over a period of time Aerobic Glycolisis Fatty Acid Oxidation = The production of ATP from Carbohydrates Fat When exercising is fast and intense, the Cardiovascular cannot supply as much oxygen to the muscles. This is then where anaerobic exercise comes in. Short term effects of physical exercise results from occasional bursts of extra physical activity. Long term effects of physical exercise are the result of frequent physical activity which is moderate and high intensity e.g. activities that involve using lots of muscles and energy and increasing the heart-rate during the activity for at least 20-30 minutes. Exercises without Oxygen Breathing rate increases because of no oxygen available. Glucose is burnt to produce energy and lactic acid, lactic acid can be poison and eventually lead muscles to fatigue and can lead to a cramp, Muscle cramp is on-going, uncontrolled muscle contraction due to lack of oxygen and insufficient blood circulation and can painful. To keep the glucose active essential organs are activated: muscle and liver quickly require a large bust of energy, over a short period of time. The sports involved could be: Weight lifting or long run Anaerobic Glycolysis Anaerobic Glycolisis is less efficient in producing ATP than Aerobic Glycolisis, But is important and needed for a large burst of energy lasting a few minutes Produces ATP from Carbohydrates without Oxygen and works in 2/3 Minutes. Diagram for Aneorobic Respiration Glucose Energy+ Lactic Acid http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Muscles/Effects-of-exercise-on-muscles.php The Respiratory System The respiratory system wokrs from the Nasal Cavity, breathing through the Nasal passages, normally. The air is then passed down the Larynx, producing sounds for speaking. It then travels down the Trachea, passing air down the trachea to the lungs. The trachea splits into two borchi’s, carrying air to each lung. The Bronchi then split into smaller tubes that distribute air to the alveoli. Air then eventually enters the millions of tiny air sacs in the lungs called th alveoli Aeorobic respiration When exercising at a steavy and comfertable rate it helps the Cardiovascular sytem to supply the oxygen with all the oxygen they need. Glucose+oxygen energy+carbon dioxide+water Aeorobic exercise can last for long periods of time, without the person becoming breathless and loosing muscle which goes into lactic and could suffer cramps e.g. from swimming/jogging. This is when we need oxygen, so carbondioxide is breathed in. Tidal Volume This is the amount of air taken into the lungs during breathing when the person is at rest approximately 6 litres per minute is breathed out and exchanges during inspiration and expiration. Vital Capacity This is the maximum volume of air breathed in and following a maximum expiration. Oxygen Deficit The body is unable to supply enough O2 to the muscles that the muscles need, which is where exhaustion is reached causing immediate and reduction in strength. Oxygen Debt ATP Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + ENERGY + inorganic Phosphate During exercise muscles repeatedly contract and relax, using and requiring ENERGY to exercise. The energy comes from a chemical called adenosine triphosphate- also called ATP that is broken down during exercise into another chemical called Adenosine diphosphate (ADP): When there is plenty of oxygen available in the muscle tissues the Energy for muscle action is produced aerobically In anaerobic energy production, ATP is generated by converting glycogen to lactic acid. Lactic acid is a toxic substance that can only be removed from the body by the supply of further oxygen to the affected tissues anaerobic activity leads to oxygen debt Reference: http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/metabolism.html# Teachers Notes vitualmedicalcentre.com http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/metabolism.html# http://www.nmsea.org/Curriculum/Primer/forms_of_energy.htm http://www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/ Digestive System The primary function for the digestive system is to break down food both mechanically and by the use of enzymes, so that it may be used for by the body for energy and cell growth and repair. Mouth: Digestion begins at the mouth: the teeth cut and grind food into smaller particles that can be swallowed in the saliva, carbohydrates begin to break down the food. Oesophagus: Once you swallow, the food moves into the Oesophagus where the continual waves of involuntary contraction pushes it way down to the stomach. Stomach: As the food enters the stomach the stomach muscles relax to allow a large volume of food to be stored. The stomach muscles churn and mix the food with acids and enzymes, breaking it into much smaller, more digestible pieces. Small Intestines: Enzymes are increased to break down food from the pancreas and glands, breaking the proteins and carbohydrates. It also gets mixed with the product of the liver which helps break down all the fats in our body aiding digestion. Large Intestines: The large intestines continue the food journey, absorbing any water or mineral still remaining. The rest of the content is waste, which is then passed through the rectum where it is stored until they leave the digestive system through the anus as a bowel movement. Homeostatic Roles: †¢ Supplies energy for life’s activities. †¢ Supplies building blocks for macromolecules Stages of food processing This is the process of eating. Which begins when places the food in the mouth or the oral Digestion Digestion is the process where ingested food is broken down into a form that can then be absorbed and assimilated into the tissues of the body. Digestion includes two types of processes †¢ Mechanical (e.g. chewing, grinding, churning, mixing) †¢ Chemical (e.g. enzymes breaking down of food) Absorption †¢ Digested food is absorbed into the bodily fluids blood and lymph. The small intestine increases its surface area and the rate of absorption. Digestive food is broken down by simple sugars, amino acids, etc. which then enter the bloodstream. Elimination †¢ Undigested food materials are discharged from body. http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Digestion/DigestiveSystem-BasicStages.php

Multicultural Ethical Psychology

Multicultural Ethical Psychology Abstract: The significance of multicultural counseling is the necessity of addressing ethical issues from current and previous societal changes. A review of literature provides valuable data with respect to multicultural diversity challenging the filed of psychology today. This perspective includes social aspects regarding the implication and changes in relationship to racial, ethnic and linguist differences of multicultural counseling, that is significantly altering cooperate America, and the commitment of the American Psychological Association in meeting this challenge from an ethical perspective. In addition, a review of the APA guidelines, that interprets the goals of the practitioner providing services to a diverse population from an ethical viewpoint (American Psychological Association 2002). Including challenges of understanding other cultural beliefs, values and lifestyles, and ethical practices, which differ from western American culture (Sue, Arredondo, McDavis, 1992)? Review of Literature A review of the APA guidelines and ethical principles of cultural diversity, ethnic, racial, and the role of the practitioner in terms of multicultural competency as previously discussed by (Sue et al., 1992) with a rationale and motive of applying several criteria that assists the professional in terms of training, and education purposes of multicultural counseling. This concern is significant in terms of the shift in our society, since diversity is the focus of the need for multicultural understanding and requires changes in the philosophical method of the counseling approach. In order to provide ethical therapeutic intervention, the practitioners knowledge of other cultural beliefs, values, morals and lifestyle are necessary in providing adequate and ethical services. Certainly, this area challenges the field of psychology since diversity also brings differing behaviors that perhaps viewed as unethical according western norm. Moreover the implications of the professionals own bias es, and beliefs that conflict from an ethical perspective. The apparent need for change previously illustrated in the APA guidelines (1990) definitively represents the purpose that psychologists need to address social issues and their own biases in terms of diversity. Considering culture, race, ethnicity, or linguistic differences in western society is definitely a growing multicultural population. This shift includes addressing competencies from a socioeconomic and mental health profession the adoption and creation of the guidelines plays a significant role in promoting ethical changes in the methodology in which professionals in the field of psychology provide ethical services. In addition to the revisions adopted by the APA Code of Ethics Preamble E, goes on to further emphasize the importance of providers to address the issues of cultural diversity (American Psychological Association 2002). It also represents possible ethical misunderstandings in terms of the customary method of practice geared to the western American culture. This resea rch endeavor hopes to provide the challenges and progress in the area of multicultural service delivery in a diversified western American culture. In addition, to the ethical revisions provided by the American Psychological Association as well as the adoption of these revisions by the American Counseling Association which currently sets the competencies and guidelines of multicultural practices (APA 2002). Although, this is a marked improvement, it does not mean that the guidelines are mandatory since multicultural affiliation does not affect all professionals in the field of psychology. Considering the ethical perspectives and standards of practice mandated by the American Psychological Association (2002) Ethical principles of psychologist and code of conduct, it seems the area of multicultural practice continues in its western ways. Previous research alludes to the Ethical Principles of Psychologist and Code of Conduct (Ethics Code: APA, 2002) that refers to psychologists acknowle dging their biases and decreasing biases within the context of their practice. Unfortunately this practice is either not enforced or until recent years where multiculturalism in the United States increased in population (Kakkad, 2005). An example of ethical concern is the underpinnings of the guidelines in terms of multicultural context which concludes as of 2009. The guidelines are not formerly included in the code of ethics then the possibility that some psychologist may utilize this as a loop hole in terms of avoiding multicultural practices is prevalent due to the aspiration perspective. American Psychological Associations Board of Ethnic Minority Affairs (1990) guidelines whose principles are aspirational in character, suggests moral and ethical behaviors to do no harm implying respecting all persons regardless of race, ethnicity, including religious beliefs. Moreover do psychologists confuse the aspiration aspects of the guidelines with the standard code of ethical conduct, possibly diminishing its value in terms of ethical practices? Is there concern that the guidelines will in some manner dilute the APA Ethics codes (Fisher, 2003)? The preambles definition of the guidelines, are â€Å"designed to provide suggestions for the psychologist† (APA Online, p.2). These suggestions imply the relevance of practicing in a diverse society, counseling various ethnic groups, contrary these guidelines are not mandatory nor do they imply ethical consequences for the psychologist, as seen in the ethical codes of conduct. For years psychotherapy, assessments, research and testing are geared towards the Euro American culture, typically not geared for the persons of cultural diversity (Sue Sue, 2008). Sue also suggests the need of â€Å"adopting ethical guidelines† (Sue Sue, 2008, p. 63) to reflect the needs of the cultural diverse populations. Furthermore applying these guidelines to ethical codes of standards, such that further education of psychologists will become more than suggested practices, yet enforceable practices, that is eventually incorporated as a part of â€Å" licensing and credentialing standards† (Sue Sue, 2008, p. 63). The relevancy presented in previous literature regarding the necessity of changes from ethical, social, and standard of practices view point considers the implications and vulnerabilities of multicultural counseling from an oppressed and perhaps unintentional harm to persons of cultural differences seeking counseling. Understanding other cultural values, beliefs, and attitudes, in an era where implementing ethical public policy and discrimination play a major role in adaptation of other values and systems. Amalgamation of cultural differences is a focal point of inclusion as psychologists and committees review ethical standards and attitudes (Naylor, 1997). Does previous the literatures imply a significant need for more standards in the area of multiculturalism? Consider the example, of previous data regarding cultural differences in parenting children that clash with the ethical Western American ethical standards (Knapp Creek 2007). Case studies of clients and professionals in terms of differing opinions and concerns regarding cultural beliefs and conflicts. Misconceptions regarding cultural practices from a therapeutic perspective, lends to harmful and if given consideration of the ethical code, perhaps unintentional harm to the diverse client. This previous research appears to validate the need for education in the realm of multicultural systems in order to more affectively provided therapeutic intervention while remaining ethically sound. In addition, to the concerns regarding competencies and standards of traditional practices of western psychology in terms of effectively providing intervention for persons of ethnic, and linguist differences (Sue et al., 1992). During the course of my practice, I encountered an issues with a client and family from Trinidad, granted the language barrier and customs differed. Nevertheless, I tried to gain an understanding of their beliefs, rituals, and in this case parenting styles. On the other hand, providing this family with adequate intervention became vital to the success of treatment goals. The issue of multicultural difference occurred when another worker of the team reported the family to the Department of Human Services for abuse, since the client told this person that the parents spanked him. The parents clearly upset by this report nearly sued the agency, simply because this is how parents from Trinidad, discipline their children, the case was unfounded. Moreover, the other worker did not try to inform himself of cultural differences in parenting styles, which would have been a prime opportunity to engage in cultural differences and gain a better understanding of their belief system. Another example which represents the need presented in previous literature regarding the need of increasing standards for psychologist is a case of personal disagreement with respect for multicultural counseling. I recently encountered a situation that left me feeling sad that other practitioners simply want to elude the notion of multi cultural counseling. Several months ago I meant with three psychologist of a private practice, who have been in the field for over 20 years. I mentioned their interest in cultural counseling since it is a growing population here in New Hampshire. Their response shocked me; they suggested multicultural counseling is an area they chose not to include in their practice. Of course, I had to ask if clients contacted their agency what response these people got in terms of refusal due to cultural differences. They simply, replied their practice is not designed for cultural differences; clients are referred to the Boston area for counseling (though carefully not mentioning any biases). In addition, they suggested that according to APA they were not qualified or had the expertise to counsel diverse populations and would try to refer to counselors who deal with cultural diversity. Addressing APA (2003) General principle D. as psychologists utilizing reasonable judgment in terms of boundaries and competency along with expertise and limitations are expressed, yet using the lack of expertise in the scenario I presented is concerning and possibly lends to unjust practices therefore perhaps necessitating clearer guidelines and implementation of these guidelines as part of the ethical codes. Summary Summarizing the orientation of diversity involves individual understanding, experiences, and without biases interacting with diverse cultures. This includes family morals, values, and attitudes towards persons from other cultures are a crucial entity in terms of generational attitudes towards persons of race, color, and religious beliefs. Negativity and judgmental beliefs handed down from generations, is significant to the conflicts that occur in the United States. It becomes paramount that those on advisory boards and committees recognize from an ethical viewpoint and consider the need of additional implementation of ethic codes to address the growing population of diversity. Perhaps at that time further revisions of these guidelines will increase the necessity of ethical practices in the field of psychology, therefore mandating requirements as is in the ethical codes of conduct (APA 2002). If in fact as counselors, psychologists, and mental health workers refuse clients, then the c ode of ethical practices is really a falsely in terms of doing no harm to clients when in fact the guidelines appear to be a matter of choice. Kakkad, (2005) suggests that ethical challenges in the area of multicultural counseling become the â€Å"professional responsibility† (p.306) of the practitioner. Is this statement considered a slippery-slope in terms of expectations and provisions for multicultural therapeutic equality? Granted the field of psychology is experiencing some changes in terms of guidelines, yet applications continue to be the professionals choice. If ethics do not change in the near future to hold accountable the professional discourse regarding multicultural ethical practices, then the profession is diluting the values, of the ethnic society and the purpose4 for which the field stands for, of helping others. Moreover, leaving much to the discretion of the practitioner in terms of cultural diversity does not appear to be with in the moral and ethical prac tices of doing no harm to any persons seeking counseling. Recommendations One recommendation is in clarifying aspirational guidelines, which possibly need to be added to the code of ethics, as part of ethical practices in view of the growing multicultural population in the United States. In addition, further research perhaps through survey methods of psychologists who implement multiculturalism as part of their ongoing practice. Albeit, surveying private practitioners, mental health workers, and counselors in the New Hampshire area that incorporates multicultural aspects of their counseling practices. Moreover, the expectations and methodology of implementing educational training in the area of multiculturalism include within their practices on all levels in terms of diversity not only of culture, yet within the scope of their practices. Granted language barriers in some instances present with difficulties in terms of communication, not all diverse population are completely without some knowledge of the English language, especially in the United States. Fu rther research is need to address personal biases, and prejudices in terms of self-evaluation in order to become a multicultural practitioner (Hayes, 2008). The reliability of such a survey if implemented to all in the field of psychology in terms of addressing cultural biases in accordance with APA code of ethics and conduct. May provided alarming results in terms of professional ethics in the area of multicultural counseling. Further researches in this area may server as a positive method of improving education, communication as well as provide revisions of the standard APA ethical codes of conduct. References American psychological association. (2002)APA Council of Representatives. Guidelines on multicultural education, training, research, practice, and organizational change for psychologists. [Electronic version] http://www.apa.org/pi/multiculturalguidelines.pdf APA Online (1990) APA guidelines for providers of psychological services to ethnic, linguist, and culturally diverse population [Electronic version]. Retrieved June 13, 2008, from http://www.apa.org/pi/oema/guide.html American psychological association (2002) Ethical principles of psychologist and code of conduct [Electronic version]. Retrieved June 9, 2008, from: //www.apa.org/ethics/code2002.html APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. (2003) General Prnciple D. Justice. Retrieved July, 27, 2008 from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code2002.html#principle_d Fisher, C. B. (2003). Decoding the ethics code: A practical guide for psychologists. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Hayes, P. A. (2008). Addressing cultural complexities in practice: Assessment, diagnosis, and therapy (2nd ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association. Kakkad, D. (2005). A new praxis: Psychologist emerging responsibilities in issues of social justice. Ethics Behavior, 15(4), 293-308. Knapp, S., Creek, L. V. (2007). When values of different cultures conflict: Ethical decision making in a multicultural context. Professional Psychology, 38(6), 660-666. Naylor, L. L. (1997). Cultural Diversity in the United States. Westport, CT: Greenwood publishing Group Inc. Sue, D. W., Sue, D. (2008). Counseling the culturally diverse theory and practice (5th ed.). Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Counseling Development, 70(4), 477-486.